![]() ![]() After: A list of unit names that should be started after this service has been successfully started, if they’re not already running.Wants: Our service wants-but doesn’t require-the network to be up before our service is started.Description: This is a text description of your service.We need to create a unit file for our new service, but it is prudent to make sure none of the existing unit files have the name we want to give our new service. This holds certain attributes that systemd can use to locate and launch the program, and to define some of its behavior. ![]() sudo cp htg.sh /usr/local/binĪnd we need to make it executable: sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/htg.shĮach program that is started by systemd has a definition file, called a service unit file. We’ll copy the script to the /usr/local/bin directory. So, this script writes a timestamped message to the journal once per minute. After 60 seconds the loop is repeated.This is formatted into a message and sent to the journal. The TIMESTAMP variable is set to the current date and time.They’re not important errors or warnings. We’re using the -p (priority) option to indicate that our messages are for information (info) only. Entries to the journal are given a priority. The two echo lines are piped through systemd-cat, a program that takes the output from a program and sends it to the journal.If you don't trust them, don't give them root access. If you give someone root access, they have root access and you have to trust them. There's no way to allow a user to run almost every command and only block a few. Or they could run sudo visudo and edit the sudoers rules. Or they could write eval "$(stdin)" into an executable file and run that with sudo. If you wanted to block users from running a shell as root, you'd need to block sudo sh as well. sudo -i is a shortcut for running the target user's default shell: it's equivalent to sudo bash or sudo sh or sudo zsh or similar. If your concern is that users can run a shell as root, and you'd want them to “only run specific commands”: a shell is a specific command. (Except logs stored on a remote machine then, at most, you can guarantee that the logs will contain the way the users gained root access.) Yes, so what? Being root allows them to turn off auditing and to delete logs. They are now as root, and those behaviour or actions run from user root are not logged without installing any third party auditd systems or tools allowing them to run arbitrary commands as root via sudo) is another. Yes, so what? Giving someone the root password is one method to allow them to access the root account. Now they are as root does not need to know the root password If you don't want to allow users to run commands as root, don't allow them access to the root account, via sudo or otherwise. Yes, they can, if they have been explicitly authorized to do so by adding the appropriate lines in the sudoers file. They can also just do sudo su or sudo -i to switch to root user without knowing root user password If you're the admin, you can be the admin… If you are the admin, you can have some users with sudo group level privileges Please correct me if my concerns or opinion are wrong. For me this seems like a cheat bypass code. I guess my questions is why linux allow this. Auditing and logging - They are now as root, and those behaviour or actions run from user root are not logged without installing any third party auditd systems or tools.Because now they are as root does not need to know the root password. In my opinion (correct me if i am wrong) - this is a big issue for security and also defeat the whole purpose of Linux structures.But they can also just do sudo su or sudo -i to switch to root user without knowing root user password. Now they will require to enter sudo command to do any root admin level commands or operations. And without giving them root password, they will not able to login or switch to root user (normal condition ofc). So if you are the admin, you can have some users with sudo group level privileges. I have a question recently discover that apparently you can 'bypass' the needs to know root user password and just switch straight in as root user. ![]()
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